Psychology proposes that secondary emotions are exclusively human since they are the result of the combination of primary emotions during the superior social interaction characteristic of our species. They base this conclusion on the fact that secondary emotions do not innately modify our bodily appearance when we express them. In this review we analyze the secondary emotions, according to the particular role they play in the framework of the systems that allow us to maintain homeostasis, with the purpose of pointing out that, against the criteria of psychology, three types of emotions could exist in mammals inalienable to life and consequently innate: Vital-Indicative Emotions, will guide the subject on the vital need that needs to be satisfied; Sensations-Emotions Evaluative (punishment-reward), are ascribed as a somatic marker to all our knowledge and learned behaviors to indicate their greater or lesser degree of suitability to satisfy the requirements of life within the framework of certain conditions and Motivational Sensations-Emotions, they make us feel the interest, the need or the desire to undertake actions aimed at the survival of the species. From this new classification, we examine the evolutionary reasons why secondary emotions would appear, which has allowed us to conclude that it is very likely that many of the emotions that psychology considers secondary could be innate, although they do not innately modify our bodily appearance when expressed, because without them mammals would not exist.
| Published in | Social Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12 |
| Page(s) | 132-143 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Indicative Emotions, Motivational Emotions, Innate Secondary Emotions, Evaluative Emotions, Evolution of Secondary Emotions
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APA Style
Hernán Pérez-Ramos. (2022). Mammals Would Not Exist Without Secondary Emotions: Analysis of the Phenomenon Emotion from the Darwinian Prism. Social Sciences, 11(3), 132-143. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12
ACS Style
Hernán Pérez-Ramos. Mammals Would Not Exist Without Secondary Emotions: Analysis of the Phenomenon Emotion from the Darwinian Prism. Soc. Sci. 2022, 11(3), 132-143. doi: 10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12
AMA Style
Hernán Pérez-Ramos. Mammals Would Not Exist Without Secondary Emotions: Analysis of the Phenomenon Emotion from the Darwinian Prism. Soc Sci. 2022;11(3):132-143. doi: 10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12,
author = {Hernán Pérez-Ramos},
title = {Mammals Would Not Exist Without Secondary Emotions: Analysis of the Phenomenon Emotion from the Darwinian Prism},
journal = {Social Sciences},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {132-143},
doi = {10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ss.20221103.12},
abstract = {Psychology proposes that secondary emotions are exclusively human since they are the result of the combination of primary emotions during the superior social interaction characteristic of our species. They base this conclusion on the fact that secondary emotions do not innately modify our bodily appearance when we express them. In this review we analyze the secondary emotions, according to the particular role they play in the framework of the systems that allow us to maintain homeostasis, with the purpose of pointing out that, against the criteria of psychology, three types of emotions could exist in mammals inalienable to life and consequently innate: Vital-Indicative Emotions, will guide the subject on the vital need that needs to be satisfied; Sensations-Emotions Evaluative (punishment-reward), are ascribed as a somatic marker to all our knowledge and learned behaviors to indicate their greater or lesser degree of suitability to satisfy the requirements of life within the framework of certain conditions and Motivational Sensations-Emotions, they make us feel the interest, the need or the desire to undertake actions aimed at the survival of the species. From this new classification, we examine the evolutionary reasons why secondary emotions would appear, which has allowed us to conclude that it is very likely that many of the emotions that psychology considers secondary could be innate, although they do not innately modify our bodily appearance when expressed, because without them mammals would not exist.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Mammals Would Not Exist Without Secondary Emotions: Analysis of the Phenomenon Emotion from the Darwinian Prism AU - Hernán Pérez-Ramos Y1 - 2022/05/31 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12 T2 - Social Sciences JF - Social Sciences JO - Social Sciences SP - 132 EP - 143 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2326-988X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20221103.12 AB - Psychology proposes that secondary emotions are exclusively human since they are the result of the combination of primary emotions during the superior social interaction characteristic of our species. They base this conclusion on the fact that secondary emotions do not innately modify our bodily appearance when we express them. In this review we analyze the secondary emotions, according to the particular role they play in the framework of the systems that allow us to maintain homeostasis, with the purpose of pointing out that, against the criteria of psychology, three types of emotions could exist in mammals inalienable to life and consequently innate: Vital-Indicative Emotions, will guide the subject on the vital need that needs to be satisfied; Sensations-Emotions Evaluative (punishment-reward), are ascribed as a somatic marker to all our knowledge and learned behaviors to indicate their greater or lesser degree of suitability to satisfy the requirements of life within the framework of certain conditions and Motivational Sensations-Emotions, they make us feel the interest, the need or the desire to undertake actions aimed at the survival of the species. From this new classification, we examine the evolutionary reasons why secondary emotions would appear, which has allowed us to conclude that it is very likely that many of the emotions that psychology considers secondary could be innate, although they do not innately modify our bodily appearance when expressed, because without them mammals would not exist. VL - 11 IS - 3 ER -
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